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Fredriksten Fortress | Memorial to Scandinavian Military

The Fredriksten Fortress, a famous Norwegian historical monument, was built in compliance with an express royal order. It took 40 years to build the fortress, with the construction work starting in 1661 and ending in 1701.

The idea behind the fortress was to reinforce security at the volatile Swedish-Norwegian border. The fortress is located in Halden, a Norwegian border town that neighbors Sweden. The once battle fortress is now a memorial to Scandinavian military operations.

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Kaniakapupu Ruins – Abandoned Hawaiian Palace

The Kaniakapupu Ruins, also known as the singing of the land shells, lie in the Nu’uanu Valley on Oahu. The name refers to kāhuli or Oahu tree snails, which were once copious in the land. Kaniakapupu was constructed in the 1840s to primarily serve as the summer palace of King Kamehameha III and Queen Kalama, who ruled Hawai’i from 1825 to 1854.

Although no printed records show what the ruins encompass, the archeological survey conducted in 1999 indicates that the palace covered up to 10 acres of land based on the structures left behind. It is believed that the coral reefs melted in this area thousands of years ago to form mortar for the rock walls that still stand today.

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